| Gender Gap in Parents’ Labor Force Participation Rates, 2013 |
| |
Mothers’ Labor Force Participation Rate
|
Fathers’ Labor Force Participation Rate
|
Difference in Labor Force Participation Rates*
|
|
State
|
Percent
|
Percent
|
Percentage
Point Gap
|
Rank
|
Alabama
|
70.1%
|
91.0%
|
+20.9
|
7
|
Alaska
|
68.3%
|
94.8%
|
+26.5
|
32
|
Arizona
|
59.8%
|
91.7%
|
+31.9
|
46
|
Arkansas
|
62.9%
|
92.8%
|
+29.9
|
42
|
California
|
62.1%
|
94.4%
|
+32.3
|
47
|
Colorado
|
65.1%
|
94.0%
|
+28.9
|
38
|
Connecticut
|
72.2%
|
95.5%
|
+23.3
|
12
|
Delaware
|
70.8%
|
92.1%
|
+21.3
|
8
|
District of Columbia
|
67.5%
|
96.3%
|
+28.8
|
37
|
Florida
|
67.7%
|
94.0%
|
+26.3
|
30
|
Georgia
|
68.5%
|
94.2%
|
+25.7
|
24
|
Hawaii
|
65.9%
|
96.5%
|
+30.6
|
44
|
Idaho
|
58.4%
|
97.1%
|
+38.7
|
50
|
Illinois
|
69.8%
|
95.6%
|
+25.8
|
26
|
Indiana
|
67.6%
|
94.2%
|
+26.6
|
33
|
Iowa
|
77.0%
|
95.6%
|
+18.6
|
3
|
Kansas
|
69.9%
|
96.6%
|
+26.7
|
34
|
Kentucky
|
66.1%
|
93.9%
|
+27.8
|
36
|
Louisiana
|
68.6%
|
94.2%
|
+25.6
|
23
|
Maine
|
75.3%
|
89.0%
|
+13.7
|
1
|
Maryland
|
72.5%
|
95.6%
|
+23.1
|
11
|
Massachusetts
|
72.5%
|
96.0%
|
+23.5
|
13
|
Michigan
|
68.4%
|
92.4%
|
+24.0
|
17
|
Minnesota
|
74.8%
|
95.6%
|
+20.8
|
6
|
Mississippi
|
73.4%
|
93.6%
|
+20.2
|
5
|
Missouri
|
70.4%
|
94.1%
|
+23.7
|
15
|
Montana
|
69.8%
|
93.8%
|
+24.0
|
17
|
Nebraska
|
72.9%
|
97.1%
|
+24.2
|
19
|
Nevada
|
65.9%
|
95.0%
|
+29.1
|
39
|
New Hampshire
|
71.1%
|
95.4%
|
+24.3
|
20
|
New Jersey
|
69.3%
|
95.6%
|
+26.3
|
31
|
New Mexico
|
62.2%
|
91.9%
|
+29.7
|
41
|
New York
|
67.5%
|
93.2%
|
+25.7
|
25
|
North Carolina
|
70.8%
|
94.6%
|
+23.8
|
16
|
North Dakota
|
71.3%
|
97.2%
|
+25.9
|
27
|
Ohio
|
70.6%
|
93.6%
|
+23.0
|
10
|
Oklahoma
|
63.9%
|
93.5%
|
+29.6
|
40
|
Oregon
|
66.0%
|
92.0%
|
+26.0
|
28
|
Pennsylvania
|
70.5%
|
94.0%
|
+23.5
|
13
|
Rhode Island
|
71.7%
|
94.6%
|
+22.9
|
9
|
South Carolina
|
68.7%
|
93.9%
|
+25.2
|
21
|
South Dakota
|
80.3%
|
94.8%
|
+14.5
|
2
|
Tennessee
|
67.7%
|
93.8%
|
+26.1
|
29
|
Texas
|
61.9%
|
95.2%
|
+33.3
|
49
|
Utah
|
52.8%
|
95.5%
|
+42.7
|
51
|
Vermont
|
69.4%
|
94.8%
|
+25.4
|
22
|
Virginia
|
69.2%
|
96.3%
|
+27.1
|
35
|
Washington
|
63.0%
|
94.8%
|
+31.8
|
45
|
West Virginia
|
61.3%
|
91.5%
|
+30.2
|
43
|
Wisconsin
|
76.6%
|
96.2%
|
+19.6
|
4
|
Wyoming
|
65.3%
|
98.0%
|
+32.7
|
48
|
United States
|
66.2%
|
94.4%
|
+28.2
|
|
Notes: *Difference equals fathers’ labor force participation rate minus mothers’ labor force participation rate. For women and men with a child under six in the household related by birth, marriage, or adoption.
|
Source: IWPR analysis of American Community Survey microdata (Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, Version 5.0).
|
